{"id":1486,"date":"2019-12-16T18:09:41","date_gmt":"2019-12-16T10:09:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.59xuexi.com\/?p=1486"},"modified":"2020-04-01T10:43:33","modified_gmt":"2020-04-01T02:43:33","slug":"%e5%ba%b7sir-ccie%e8%af%95%e5%90%ac%e8%af%be%e4%b9%8bip%e5%9c%b0%e5%9d%80%e8%ae%b2%e8%a7%a3%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.59xuexi.com\/?p=1486","title":{"rendered":"\u5eb7Sir CCIE\u8bd5\u542c\u8bfe\u4e4bIP\u5730\u5740\u8bb2\u89e3\u7b14\u8bb0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

IP\u5730\u5740 — \u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u5b66\u7684\u6280\u672f — \u901a\u4e0d\u901a — IP\u5730\u5740\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a VLSM \u53ef\u53d8\u957f\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801 — \u5de5\u4f5c\u5c97\u4f4d\u4e0a \u8981\u5212\u5206\u7f51\u6bb5
\u516c\u7f51IP\u5730\u5740 — IDC ISP
IDC — \u673a\u623f \u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3 Internet Data Center | ISP — \u8fd0\u8425\u5546 \u7535\u4fe1 \u8054\u901a \u79fb\u52a8
\u79c1\u7f51IP\u5730\u5740 — \u5f88\u5c11\u4f1a\u6d89\u53ca\u5230 VLSM\u5212\u5206\u5b50\u7f51\u60c5\u51b5 — \u8de8\u56fd\u516c\u53f8 \u4e2d\u77f3\u6cb9 \u4e2d\u77f3\u5316 IBM \u4e09\u661f \u7b49\u7b49 \u5168\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730 \u90fd\u6709\u5206\u652f\u673a\u6784 \u5168\u7403\u529e\u4e8b\u5904 \u534f\u540c\u529e\u516c \uff08\u8bed\u97f3\u7535\u8bdd \u89c6\u9891\u4f1a\u8bae \u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf ERP OA \u7b49\u7b49\uff09\u5168\u7403\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u529e\u4e8b\u5904\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u901a\u8d77\u6765 — VPN\u6982\u5ff5 \u5b9e\u73b0\u76f8\u4e92\u4e92\u901a \u79d1\u5b66\u89c4\u5212 \u5206\u914d\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u6bb5 \u5212\u5206\u7f51\u6bb5<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IPv4\u5730\u5740 — v4 — version 4
\nIPv6\u5730\u5740 — v6 — \u7535\u4fe1 \u8054\u901a \u79fb\u52a8 \u5185\u90e8 \u5de5\u4fe1\u90e8\u8981\u6c42 IPv6\u8bd5\u70b9
\n\u672a\u67652-3\u5e74 \u975e\u5e38\u591aipv6\u73af\u5883\u51fa\u73b0
\n\u6807\u8bc6\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u70b9 \u8def\u7531\u5668 \u4ea4\u6362\u673a PC \u670d\u52a1\u5668 \u624b\u673a
\n\u4e9a\u592a\u5730\u5740 \u975e\u6d32 \u5927\u529b\u63a8\u5e7f
\n\u7269\u8054\u7f51 — \u7f51\u7edc\u8981\u6c42 \u8d8a\u6765\u4e5f\u9ad8
\n\u83b7\u53d6\u5927\u91cf \u5730\u5740\u6bb5 \u516c\u7f51\u5730\u5740\u6bb5<\/p>\n\n\n\n

X.X.X.X
\n0 – 255. 0 – 255 . 0 – 255 . 0 – 255
\n32bit = 4\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

IPv4
\n0-255<\/p>\n\n\n\n

32bit<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
192.168.1.1 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7f51\u7edc\u4f4d<\/li>
\u4e3b\u673a\u4f4d
\n\u786e\u5b9a\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u6bb5\u7684\u65f6\u5019 \u7f51\u7edc\u4f4d\u76f8\u540c \u4e3b\u673a\u4f4d\u4e0d\u540c \u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u6bb5
\n \u7f51\u7edc\u4f4d\u4e0d\u540c \u4e3b\u673a\u4f4d\u76f8\u540c \u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u6bb5<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
A.B.C.D <\/p>\n\n\n\n
A — A \u56fa\u5b9a\u7684 B C D \u968f\u610f\u7684 — \u53ef\u7528\u4e3b\u673a\u6570\u91cf\u975e\u5e38\u591a
\nB — A.B \u56fa\u5b9a\u7684 C D \u968f\u610f\u7684 — \u53ef\u7528\u4e3b\u673a\u6570\u91cf\u76f8\u5bf9\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b
\nC — A B C \u56fa\u5b9a\u7684 D \u968f\u610f\u7684 — \u53ef\u7528\u4e3b\u673a\u6570\u91cf\u66f4\u5c11\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b <\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u7c7b\u5730\u5740 — \u591a\u64ad \u7ec4\u64ad\u5730\u5740 — \u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u591a\u4e2a — \u8fdb\u5165\u8bfe\u5802 \u6240\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536 \u542c\u5230\u4fe1\u606f — \u76d1\u542c \u6536\u542c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740 \u5c06\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ec4\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u4e0a \u6709\u7ebf\u7535\u89c6 \u5e7f\u7535\u63d0\u4f9b \u9ad8\u6e05\u6709\u7ebf\u7535\u89c6 \u9ad8\u6e05\u673a\u9876\u76d2 \u6536\u8d39\u539f\u6765\u8d35\u4e86 — \u7ec4\u64ad
\n\u89c2\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u9891\u9053 — \u7b49\u4e8e\u76d1\u542c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u64ad\u5730\u5740 \u8c03\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u53f0 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
127.X.X.X — \u5730\u5740\u6bb5 — 127.0.0.1 \u672c\u5730\u56de\u73af\u5730\u5740 \u68c0\u6d4b\u672c\u5730\u7f51\u5361
\n127.0.0.1 = \u81ea\u5df1
\n127.0.0.2 127.100.100.100
\n127.X.X.X \u672c\u5730\u5730\u5740 \u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u6bb5 \u672c\u5730\u5730\u5740 \u672c\u673a\u5730\u5740
\n\u7b49\u5230\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\u540e\u671f \u4f60\u4eec\u5c31\u4f1a\u660e\u767d \u90fd\u8981\u7528\u5728\u672c\u5730 \u5730\u5740\u6bb5\u7684\u6982\u5ff5
\n192.168.X.X — C\u7c7b\u5730\u5740 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
A\u7c7b \u53ef\u7528\u6570\u91cf\u591a B\u7c7b \u76f8\u5bf9\u5c11\u4e86\u5f88\u591a C\u7c7b \u66f4\u5c11\u4e86 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
1.X.X.X
\nX = 0 – 255\u4e4b\u95f4
\n\u7f8e\u56fd\u5730\u533a \u6b27\u6d32\u5730\u533a — \u4e70\u65ad\u975e\u5e38\u591aA\u7c7b\u5730\u5740\u6bb5 — MIT \u54c8\u4f5b \u65af\u5766\u798f \u90fd\u6709A\u7c7b\u5730\u5740\u6bb5 \u4e70\u65ad\u7684
\n—- NAT\u6280\u672f \u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362 \u5171\u4eab\u4e0a\u7f51\u7684
\nloopback X — \u56de\u73af\u63a5\u53e3 — \u865a\u62df\u63a5\u53e3
\n255.255.255.255 — \u5e7f\u64ad — \u53ea\u8981\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u5185 \u8fdb\u884c\u5e7f\u64ad \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u5185\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4e3b\u673a \u90fd\u80fd\u6536\u5230 — ARP ARP\u653b\u51fb
\n\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a \u7ec4\u64ad\u5730\u5740 \u4e00\u5bf9\u591a
\n\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740 — \u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u5185\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a \u7ec4\u64ad\u5730\u5740 — \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Internet \u4e92\u8054\u7f51 \u5e7f\u57df\u7f51\u4e0a \u4e00\u5bf9\u591a
\n\u8def\u7531 — \u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531 \u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531\uff08\u516c\u53f8 \u5bb6\u7528 \u53ea\u8981\u662f\u4e00\u6839\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7f51 \uff09
\n\u90fd\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531 — \u53bb\u5f80\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u7684\u5730\u5740 \u90fd\u4ece\u8fd9\u6839\u7ebf\u8d70
\nip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 \u8054\u901a\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u516c\u7f51IP\u5730\u5740==== \u8054\u901a \u7535\u8bdd \u5ea7\u673a 010 – 6888 888
\n\u79c1\u7f51IP\u5730\u5740==== 001 002 003 004 101 102 103 104 \u5c0f\u53f7
\n\u63a5\u5230 95561 10086 \u62e8\u56de\u53bb <\/p>\n\n\n\n
IP\u5730\u5740\u6709\u5206\u7c7b\u7684 A B C D E
\n\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u786e\u5b9a\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u6bb5 \u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5A B C D E \u6765\u533a\u5206
\n\u524d\u8fb9\u7684IP\u5730\u5740 \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u4f60\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u770b \u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801
\n\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u6bb5 \u8981\u770b\u63a9\u7801
\n192.168.1.1 255.255.0.0
\n192.168.2.1 255.255.0.0
\n\u5b9e\u9645\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d \u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u6839\u636e\u63a9\u7801 \u6765\u533a\u5206 IP\u5730\u5740\u6bb5\u7684
\nIP\u5730\u5740 1.192.X \u770b\u63a9\u7801 \uff01\uff01\uff01
\n\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b X.X.X.X — 32bit
\nA \u7c7b — 255.0.0.0 — \/8
\nB \u7c7b — 255.255.0.0 — \/16
\nC\u7c7b — 255.255.255.0 — \/24
\nIP\u5730\u5740 \u5206\u7c7b \u8303\u56f4 \u63a9\u7801 \u7f51\u7edc\u4f4d \u4e3b\u673a\u4f4d
\n\u4e00\u4e2aIP\u5730\u5740\u6bb5 — 192.168.1.X 255.255.255.0
\n192.168.1.0 – 192.168.1.255
\n255.255.255.0
\n\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u6bb5 — \u6390\u5934\u53bb\u5c3e
\n\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740 \u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740 192.168.1.0 == \u4ee3\u8868\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f51\u6bb5\u7684 \u62db\u724c
\n\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740 \u5b50\u7f51\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740 192.168.1.255 == \u53ea\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f51\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u5e7f\u64ad | 255.255.255.255
\n\u53ea\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u6bb5 \u5f00\u5934 \u7ed3\u5c3e \u4e0d\u80fd\u7528<\/p>\n\n\n\n
IP\u5730\u5740 \u7ea2\u82b1 \u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801 \u7eff\u53f6
\n255 — \u56fa\u5b9a
\n0 — \u4efb\u610f
\nVLSM \u5212\u5206\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u7f51\u6bb5
\n\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3 — IDC — \u673a\u623f \uff08\u5b58\u653e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\uff09
\n\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b58\u653e\u8fdb\u53bb — \u4e0a\u67b6 \u653e\u673a\u67b6\u4e0a \u52a0\u7535 \u63d2\u7535\u6e90 \u5165\u7f51 \u63d2\u7f51\u7ebf \u914dIP
\n\u76ee\u7684\uff1a \u8ba9\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668 \u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u522b\u4eba\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230 \u5c31\u9700\u8981\u6709\u4e00\u4e2aIP \u516c\u7f51IP
\n\u901a\u5e38\u4f60\u505a\u4e3a \u673a\u623f\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5458 — \u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237 \u5206\u914dIP \u5165\u7f51\u7533\u8bf7\u5355 \u6258\u7ba1 \u591a\u5c11\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1f
\n\u653e\u5728\u4ffa\u4eec\u673a\u623f\u5440\uff01\uff01\uff01
\n6\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668 \u72ec\u4eab
\n6\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668 \u5212\u5206\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 \u5730\u5740\u6bb5 — VLSM \u5b9e\u9645\u5de5\u4f5c \u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u8ba1\u7b97\u5668
\n\u624b\u52a8\u7b97 \u4e66\u672c\u4e0a\u5b66 \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8ba1\u7b97\u6cd5 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 \u4e66\u672c\u4e0a\u5b66\u7684 CCNA\u5b66\u4e60\u6307\u5357\u7b2c\u4e03\u7248 \u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d \u592a\u9ebb\u70e6 \u5f88\u62bd\u8c61 \u7b97\u6570\u4e0d\u597d — A4\u7eb8
\n\u5feb\u901f\u8ba1\u7b97\u6cd5
\nX.X.X.X — 32bit — \/32
\nX = 8 bit
\n8bit = 255\u6570
\n128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 = 255 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
6\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668 — 2\u7684\u51e0\u6b21\u65b9 \u521a\u597d\u5927\u4e8e \u5ba2\u6237\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6570 — \u9690\u5f62\u56e0\u7d20
\n\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u6bb5 \u5f00\u5934 \u7ed3\u5c3e \u4e0d\u80fd\u7528 6+2\uff08\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740 \u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\uff09+1\uff08\u7f51\u5173\u5730\u5740\uff09
\n6 + 3 = 9 \u5730\u5740\u6570\u91cf<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2\u76844\u6b21\u65b9 = 16\u4e2a\u5730\u5740 \uff08\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u5730\u5740\u6bb5\u8303\u56f4 16\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
192.168.1.X 255.255.255.0
\n— \u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237 3\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668 3+3 = 6\u4e2a\u5730\u5740 \u6700\u5c11\u7684
\n2\u7684\u51e0\u6b21\u65b9 \u521a\u597d\u5927\u4e8e 6 \uff1f = 3\u6b21\u65b9 = 8
\n192.168.1.0 – 192.168.1.7 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
255.255.255.248 <\/h2>\n\n\n\n
14\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668 14+3 = 17\u4e2a \u6700\u5c11\u7684
\n2\u7684\u51e0\u6b21\u65b9 \u521a\u597d\u5927\u4e8e17 \uff1f = 5\u6b21\u65b9 = 32
\n192.168.1.0 – 192.168.1.31
\n192.168.1.1 \u5230 192.168.1.30<\/p>\n\n\n\n
255.255.255.224<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u7535\u4fe1\u8054\u901a \u7ed9\u4f01\u4e1a\u63a5\u5165\u5e26\u5bbd \u516c\u7f51IP | \u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3 \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u67b6\u5ba2\u6237 \u5212\u5206<\/p>\n\n\n\n
255.255.255.128+64+32\uff08224\uff09
\n32 – 5 = 27 — \/27\u4f4d\u63a9\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n
32 – 3 = \/29 — 255.255.255.128+64 + 32 + 16 +8 248 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
32 – 4 = 28 — \/28 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
192.168.1.2 3 4 5 6
\n1.1 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
IP\u5730\u5740 — \u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u5b66\u7684\u6280\u672f — \u901a\u4e0d\u901a — IP\u5730\u5740\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a VLSM \u53ef\u53d8\u957f\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801 — \u5de5\u4f5c\u5c97\u4f4d\u4e0a \u8981\u5212\u5206\u7f51\u6bb5 \u516c\u7f51IP\u5730\u5740 — IDC ISP IDC — \u673a\u623f…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2870,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[139,389],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-1486","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ccie-material","tag-ccie","tag-ip"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.59xuexi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1486","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.59xuexi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.59xuexi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.59xuexi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.59xuexi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1486"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.59xuexi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1486\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1487,"href":"https:\/\/www.59xuexi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1486\/revisions\/1487"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.59xuexi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2870"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.59xuexi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1486"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.59xuexi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1486"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.59xuexi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1486"},{"taxonomy":"topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.59xuexi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftopic&post=1486"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}

255.255.255.248 <\/h2>\n\n\n\n14\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668 14+3 = 17\u4e2a \u6700\u5c11\u7684 \n2\u7684\u51e0\u6b21\u65b9 \u521a\u597d\u5927\u4e8e17 \uff1f = 5\u6b21\u65b9 = 32 \n192.168.1.0 – 192.168.1.31 \n192.168.1.1 \u5230 192.168.1.30<\/p>\n\n\n\n

255.255.255.248 <\/h2>\n\n\n\n
14\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668 14+3 = 17\u4e2a \u6700\u5c11\u7684
\n2\u7684\u51e0\u6b21\u65b9 \u521a\u597d\u5927\u4e8e17 \uff1f = 5\u6b21\u65b9 = 32
\n192.168.1.0 – 192.168.1.31
\n192.168.1.1 \u5230 192.168.1.30<\/p>\n\n\n\n